Essay about Pride and Prejudice - 767 Words

Elizabeth and Juliet both reject their parents’ choice of husband. How are strong feeling presented by the writers in these extracts? In Act 3 Scene 5 strong feelings are portrayed through out the scene. One example of this is at the start of the scene Juliet shows strong feelings of grief towards Romeo’s departure. â€Å"Yet let me weep for such a feeling loss.† This shows that she misses Romeo although he has only just left. The word ‘loss’ gives off the impressing Juliet feels she will never see Romeo again and that he is no longer hers. Another point in the scene her mood changes and she becomes very upset and angry at the fact her parents expect her to marry Paris. Juliet takes her mothers line – â€Å"The County Paris, at Saint Peter’s†¦show more content†¦Her maturity is made clear directly after her wedding night when she partakes in her first sexual experience. Another point in Juliet’s maturation is when she is willing to break away from The Nurse after she says â€Å"I think it best you married the County.† This shows The Nurse is quite selfish and doesn’t care for Juliet’s feelings or that she is already married to Romeo. The phrase â€Å"I think† emphasizes the fact she only cares about her opinion. Having a nurse is a mark of childhood; by abandoning her nurse and showing full loyalty towards her Romeo, Juliet shows full maturity and responsibility. In Pride and Prejudice When Mr Collins proposes to Elizabeth she shows complete defiance as she refuses in favour of waiting for someone who she actually loves. She tells him that to accept his proposals ‘is absolutely impossible’ as her ‘feelings in every respect forbid it’. Clearly she is not afraid to go against what her mother wants and what is expected of her in society. Her harsh language and use of the word ‘forbid’ emphasises the force of her rejection. Much like Juliet, Elizabeth shows strong feelings of love/attraction to someone whom her parent(s) are not aware of. Another strong feeling is how Mrs Bennett is always feeling sorry for herself and her nerves and becomes very self-centred. She is very selfish in the sense she only cares about her future and not her daughter’s happiness. The quote â€Å"†¦ and all of the others equally married, I shallShow MoreRelated Essay on Prejudice and Pride in Pride and Prejudice1535 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice and Pride in Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In any literary work the title and introduction make at least some allusion to the important events of the novel. With Pride and Prejudice, Austen takes this convention to the extreme, designing all of the first and some of the second half of the novel after the title and the first sentence. The concepts of pride, prejudice, and universally acknowledged truth (51), as well as the interpretation of those concepts, are the central focus ofRead MorePride And Prejudice By Pride Essay990 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of Pride Pride is the feeling of satisfaction when someone achieve something, someone close to you achieves something, or something somebody owns or has is admired by others. Being proud of yourself or someone else is not always bad. However, some believe pride is negative and can change how a person thinks and feels about certain things. It can be taken either way depending on who, why, and when it is. Many people have written articles and have done research to determine whether itRead More The roles of pride and prejudice in Pride and Prejudice1404 Words   |  6 PagesBecoming an immediate success in the contemporary novel public in early nineteenth century, Pride and Prejudice has proved to be the most popular of Jane Austens novels and remains a classic masterpiece two centuries later. The title itself describes the underlying theme of the book. Pride and prejudice, intimately related in the novel, serve as challenges to the cherished love story of Darcy and Elizabeth. It is interesti ng to see how these two nice people were blinded before realizing that theyRead MorePride and Prejudice1472 Words   |  6 PagesElizabeth#8217;s Pride and Darcy#8217;s Prejudice? Jane Austen#8217;s Pride and Prejudice is a timeless social comedy which is both satirical and full of sentiment. The title refers to the personalities of the two main characters and cues the reader to Austen#8217;s broader thematic purpose: to satirize nineteenth century manners and morals, especially as they relate to courtship and manners. Although both characters contain both these traits, it is mainly Mr. Darcy who exemplifies #8216;pride#8217;Read More Pride and the Prejudice 1543 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The power of doing anything with quickness is always prized much by the possessor, and often without any attention to the imperfection of the performance.† (1) Said Mr Darcy. This is one of the worlds most popular novels, Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice has charmed readers since its publication of the story of the amusing Elizabeth Bennet and her relationship with the aristocrat Fitzwilliam Darcy. During this essay it will explore the construction of characters , in particular it will be ElizabethRead MorePride and Prejudice2105 Words   |  9 Pagesrelationship, although back then divorce was never thought of either, where as today it is not rare at all. In these marriages, money was the only consideration. Love was left out, with the thought that it would develop as the years went by. In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen comments that marriage in her time is a financial contract, where love is strictly a matter of chance. This is clearly evident from the very first line of the novel. Charlotte Lucas states that happiness in marriage is entirelyRead MorePride and Prejudice1236 Words   |  5 PagesThe path to marriage initiates in the very first paragraph of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. This courtship novel begins with the premise that â€Å"a single man in possession of a fortune must be in want of a wife† (pg. 5) Throughout the competition for the single men, characters are naturally divided by the norms of their social standing. However, the use of social conventions and civility further divides them. The characters in need of the most moral reform remain unchanged, leaving a path forRead MorePride and Prejudice1906 Words   |  8 PagesPride and Prejudice tells a story of a young girl in the midst of a very materialistic society. Jane Austen uses the setting to dramatize the restraints women had to endure in society. As the novel develops, we see how women have to act in a way according to their gender, social class, and family lineage. Elizabeth Bennet’s sisters represent the proper societal lady while Lizzy is the rebel. Through her characters Austen shows how a women’s happiness came second to the comfort of wealth. As the plotRead MoreIrony in Pride and Prejudice995 Words   |  4 PagesIrony in Pride and Prejudice Irony forms the alma mater of Jane Austen’s novels. Likewise, â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† is steeped in irony of theme, situation, character, and narration. Austen uses it to establish the contrast between appearance and reality. As one examines â€Å"Pride and Prejudice†, one discovers the ironic significance of how pride leads to prejudice and prejudice invites pride. Importantly, the novel elucidates how both â€Å"Pride† and â€Å"Prejudice† have their corresponding virtues bound upRead More Essay on the Irony of Pride in Pride and Prejudice1262 Words   |  6 Pagesof Pride in Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚   Jane Austen uses the elements of both pride and prejudice to develop the satire in her novel. Austen presents pride as both a vice and a virtue. Austen first introduces pride as a vice of arrogance and prejudice, but as the characters in the novel develop so does the concept of pride. Towards the end of the novel pride becomes the vehicle for many of the noble actions taken by the main characters. Austen skillfully interweaves the two parts of pride, the

Representation of Race in Cinema - 1917 Words

Representation of Race in Cinema In this research paper, I have been asked to analyse the representation of race in the World, African or South African Cinema. Before I start, I would like to clear something regarding the task I have been asked to do, as I personally believe that we only have one race which is the human race, but regarding this tasks, I try to understand the word â€Å"race† as people of different background and culture including different languages. So only in this essay, I will be using words like â€Å"race†, â€Å"Black† man or person, â€Å"White† person and â€Å"Negro† to fulfil the task I have been asked to do. And I personally apologize for whom I may offend by these terms used in this essay. When I heard about this task, the first†¦show more content†¦No matter what happened, they would be often the first to blame. That mind-set is still existing in our society today, especially here in South Africa, for example people are more concerned when they take a plane that is been operated by a black pilot. And if something happens during the flight, the first person to blame would be the black pilot. Just like the general statement I came across saying â€Å"A Black person is a suspect everywhere†. I personally think, we as human beings need to change our mind-sets that it is only a black person’s fault, as with that attitude we create more division in our world which few of us trying to create as a more united world. What I find interesting regarding the making of this movie was that Ray Biddle (Richard Widmark) who played the brother of Johnny who died from his brain tumor, would during the takes of every scenes bombard Sidney Poitier with racist slurs verbally and physically and then after each take, he would apologize for how he mistreated Poitier. Later, they both became good friends. I would like to conclude this part with one of Sidney Poitier’s quotes saying: â€Å"I never had an occasion to question color, therefore, I only saw myself as what I was... a humanShow MoreRelatedStereotypes And Stereotypes Of African Americans Essay1468 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans have been represented in the media with harmful stereotypes which were founded in the slavery era (Cartier, 2014)(Carpenter, 2012). This negative representation invites bias from those who accept the images, the distortion of which is accentuated by both sexism and racism. Black women are the least represented group in cinema, making it easier to rely on stereotypes which encourage societal bias. From these stereotypes, like the Jezebel and Sapphire, stem the â€Å"real world† stereotypesRead MoreThe Representation Of Interracial Relationships1447 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationships from all different cultures are welcomed. The mixing of races has been going on for hunherds of y ears and dates back to the unfortunate years of slavery. Where the mixing of white and black was a taboo, but still carried out by the white slave masters on their black maids/ slaves. In this essay I will be looking at the representation of interracial relationships and how these relationships have been portrayed in cinema from 1903 up until present. I will be discussing the how miscegenationRead MoreBlack Cinema965 Words   |  4 PagesWGST 300—BLACK CINEMA Option A: Select two or more films from this course and compare and/or contrast them, using one or more of the above criteria (shared themes, etc.). SUPERFLY and DUTCHMAN â€Å"Lights, camera, and action!!† A popular phrase noted throughout the film and cinematic industry, but to directors, actors, and viewers of African American or Black Cinema this famous phrase helped jumpstart a movement throughout the black culture. Starting with radical movies that explained racial undertonesRead MoreColonialism And Racism In Crash By Paul Haggis839 Words   |  4 Pagesdeveloping the characteristics of each character which helps to create a decent storyline and initial representation for viewers to follow from beginning to end. The movie delivers a great deal of impressive and well-shot scenes that appeals to the viewer emotionally and mentally, as great films should do. Relating â€Å"Colonialism and Racism and Representation† speaks about representation of minorities in cinema through the ideology of colonialism. I want to challenge the authenticity of Crash’s acclaimedRead MoreThe Black Of Black And 70s1188 Words   |  5 PagesDinner, Shaft, Do The Right Thing, and Madea’s Family Reunion. People see the transformation of black cinema throughout the years. Films of the 60s, 70s, and 80s have significant differences from contemporary productions as the standards of culture shift in the decades. Before the audience can note the rise of black figures and standards in film. They must have recognition of the history of black cinema before its transition into the mainstream. Displays of black character roles and black culture fromRead MoreThe Theories Of Laura Mulvey And Bell Hooks888 Words   |  4 Pages The theories of Laura Mulvey and Bell Hooks share their views on how individuals who attend the cinema have the opportunity to gaze and interrupt the messages that are being portrayed. Based upon their views, spectators can have their own beliefs and views of life and not have to focus on societal practices of racism and sexism. The article â€Å"Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema† critiqued by Mulvey, focused on how sexism and voyeurism were the main theme in terms of how males dominated societyRead MoreHistorical And Constituent Emotional State Of A Social System966 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history, subjective laws have contended how individuals relate to each-other through the concept of race. Similarly, ever since its emergence in the early twentieth century, television has also been used to manifest such cultural and societal values. In return, Hollywood s dependence on â€Å"whitewashing† roles as a cross-racial/ethnic representation withholds the pow er to extraordinarily change viewer’s depiction of minority groups. Consequently, what follows is the important and constituentRead MoreGender Portrayal Of The Mammy And The Mulatto Child1712 Words   |  7 PagesIt’s evident that black performers in Hollywood cinema are customarily depicted as unpleasant based on the clichà ©d roles they play, for example: the mammy, the promiscuous character, or the angry black woman. Within this paper, I will incorporate Bell Hooks idea of â€Å"The Oppositional Gaze†, and Marina Heung ideas discussed in the article What s the Matter with Sara Jane?† Daughters and Mothers in Douglas Sirk s Imitation of Life†. The film of focus is Imitation of Life (1959) by Douglas Sirk,Read MoreBurden of Representation in Film1146 Words   |  5 Pages------------------------------------------------- Representation is defined as a likeness or image of something, a definition that implies a visual component to this act. In terms of minority groups, such as women, people of color, all non-normative sexualities, the issue of representation is one that many film theorists and filmmaker’s struggle to contend with. Both the scarcity and the importance of minority representations yield what many have called the burden of representation. Since there are so few who haveRead MoreThe Dangers Of Blaxploitation Films Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pageswomen. Young African American filmmakers, made lots of these types of movies in order to appeal to the young African American crowd. In the article â€Å"Baadasss Gangstas: The Parallel Influences, Characteristics and Criticisms of the Blaxploitation Cinema and Gangsta Rap†, by Dustin Engels, it says, â€Å"African American artists began using their mediums to appeal directly to black audiences in an attempt to spawn cultural movem ents that would display and bring to the forefront the cultural, social and

How Has the Position of Vice President Changed Free Essays

How has the position of the vice president changed? (30 MARKS) The position of the vice president has drastically changed in many areas such as the way in which they are voted in, but it is still unchanged in areas like the powers given to the vice president in the constitution. As the role of the federal government and the presidents responsibilities grew presidents began to see the vice-presidency as a source of help in running the executive branch of government. Beginning with the Eisenhower- Nixon administration 1953-61, vice presidents were given more high profile tasks and became in some cases significant presidential advisors in 1977 vice-president Mondale was shown the presidential daily briefing and was given an office in the west wing, Mondale was the first vice-president to receive this but after Mondale this was the normal thing for the vice-presidents. We will write a custom essay sample on How Has the Position of Vice President Changed or any similar topic only for you Order Now The improved position of the vice-presidency has attracted more significant people to seek the office, over the past 50 years the list of vice-presidents has been a distinguished one, including names such as Lyndon Johnson and Al Gore, of the eleven vice-presidents who held office between 1953 and 2008 four went on to become president, while a further three were selected to run. The election of vice-president Dick Chaney was seen as a bit of a joke not because he was not qualified enough but because he was more qualified than the president George W. Bush, it was said ‘if Dick Chaney were assassinated, Bush would have to become president’. Dick Chaney did not take the roles of a normal vice-president he had lots more power Bush gave Cheney access to ‘every table and every meeting’ making his voice heard in whatever area the vice-president feels he wants to be active in. The first two decades of the nations history, the vice-president was the person who came second in the balloting of the electoral college, until the 1804 the 12th amendment changed the vice presidential system, from then on it was elected on a joint ticket with the president so the choice for the potential president Is the choice of the people. Modern day vice-presidents have take on new roles, many have played a role in legislation in congress, this is the role that Dick Chaney who was former member of the house of representatives took for George W. Bush and this is the role that Joe Biden a senator for 36 years plays for president Obama. The vice-president often becomes the party worker, electioneer and fund raiser, Cheney played this role in the run up to the 2002 mid term elections, according to the times Cheney was â€Å"drawing packed crowds and raking in millions of dollars for Republican candidates†. The vice-president may become a major spokesman for the administration, Gore became a regular face at the podium on environmental issues as well as over government efficiency drives. However vice-presidents have always had four powers in the constitution which are still in place today, the vice-president is the presiding officer of the senate, even though this function is rarely performed by the vice-president is usually assigned to junior members of senates chambers, the vice president can also break a tied vote in the senate, which can be very helpful for the president as when there was a tie breaking vote in 2001 on President Bushes $1. trillion tax cut Dick Chaney voted in favour of President Bush, between 1981 and January 2009 vice presidents were called upon to break tied votes on 19 occasions eight of these by Dick Chaney. The vice-president is given the task of counting and then announcing the electoral college results, so in 2001 vice president Al Gore had to announce his de feat in the previous November election. The previous three powers are either of little importance or occur rarely or both, it is the final power that gives the office of vice-president its potential importance. The vice-president becomes president upon death, resignation or removal of the president from office, this has occurred on nine occasions, four times following the assassination of the president, four times following the natural death of the president, and once following the resignation of the president, president Nixon resigned in 1974 after the Watergate scandal. The insignificant powers of the office, coupled with this potential importance led the first vice-president, John Adams to remark of the post ‘in this I am nothing but I may be everything’. More recently the vice president has acquired a fifth power ‘to become acting president if the president is declared, or declares himself disabled, this has been used three times but only for a short time, Dick Chaney was acting president twice but for just over two hours. So there has been some drastic changes in the position of the vice-president, they have taken on a lot more responsibility than they have previously had, gradually getting more and more power, but it depends on the vice president such as Dick Chaney he was a very powerful vice-president which could be due to his expertise and the lack of experience of Bush in comparison, but some parts of the vice-presidency are still the same as they are still written in the constitution. How to cite How Has the Position of Vice President Changed, Papers

Risk Managment full assingmetn free essay sample

Executing a Risk Management Plan is a challenging task for the management of organizations all over the world. This is happening because of globalization, delimitation of economic boundaries and the malpractices of governance gaining prominence in the administration of public as well as private sectors. Organizations all over the world are facing risks concerning political uncertainty, scarcity of finance and wider diversification of markets. This is because the organizations need to expand and diversify in order to achieve high growth rate. The objective of this paper is to looks into the risk factors that these factors pose for Travco Travel Company (TTC), a private sector, closely held company with aspirations and potential to sustain growth. TTC is a professionally managed company and its growth has been exponential. The company is part of a 33 year old multinational group, The Travco Group, headquartered in Egypt . The group offers travel services and has allied business ventures, such as Cruise Liners, Luxury Coaches, Resorts and Luxury Hotels, spread across the Middle East and China. We will write a custom essay sample on Risk Managment full assingmetn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page TTC, having reached the zenith of success in the Middle East is now embarking on a journey of economic cohesion and management integration in the international field for expanding its integrated commercial activities . This report has, after considerable deliberation, focused on three core areas of risk which can be cause of potential economic threat for TTC and The Travco Group, its parent group organization and these are – Financial, Marketing and Political. The strategic threat scope has been analyzed as per the guidelines set out in Risk Management-Principles and Guidelines of AS/ANZ ISO 31000:2009 and as defined in The Risk Assessment Technique Standard of IEC/ISO 31010. The strategic threat to Finance has been chosen because the company, which was established in the year 1979, has still to consolidate its financial roots for embarking on an international expansion spree. The indicates that the company is proposing to expand into totally alienated regions, where it is yet to establish itself as a cohesive, integrated and well-knit entity. The Political factor is based on the fact that its base country, Egypt, is constantly witnessing political uncertainty and is believed to be getting into unstable economic conditions because of this political apathy, disorientation and administrative vacuum. The author of this report has progressively discussed the organizational needs of TTC for risk management, progressing towards the need to propose a secured, rational process for formulating a risk management plan. The aim is to finally conjure a program that the company can manage to have an effective control over its expansion plans while minimizing risk potentials across all its business streams. The conclusions arrived at through this report are neither exhaustive nor are meant to provide any guidelines for TTC or for that matter any other company. The views expressed are the conclusive views of the author, who is of the opinion such conclusions, can be effectively used by companies as means of averting risk threats in their commercial ventures 2. Introduction Company Background Travco Travel Company of Egypt, this is how the founder Mr. Hamed El Chiaty christened his first venture when he entered into the travel service business in 1979. The company slowly but steadily consolidated its position in Egypt and with associates spread across whole of Middle East, soon became the top company in its field. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of The Travco Group and was renamed as Travco Travel. Its business interests are spread across Travel Services; Management of Luxury Hotels and Resorts; Cruise Liners; Luxury Coaches; Conducting Corporate Tours throughout the Middle East, Japan and Mainland China . The company now proposes to expand extensively in Asia and for that it is in the process of formulating a strategy to control the risk factors which its expansion may have to face in the future. The aim of this report is to suggest the company a Risk Management Plan which it can adopt across all sections of its functioning parameters. Business Objectives An expanding organization, such as Travco the need is to focus on financial, administrative and marketing policy matters. For such a dynamic organization, the task of choosing a well-defined risk management plan is a serious issue. The potential of the risks it may have to face while on the expansion spree can be internal as well as external. It is very difficult for the management to make an assessment of the perils of the expansion and to evaluate them before it begins the formality of another expansion is altogether a task which needs to be looked into deeply and carefully. Although the management can make efforts to understand internal, device ways to regulate and control them by formulating rules, regulations and policies, the external risk factors cannot be assessed as they are out of the company’s regulations and policies. Although, across all sections of business there are laws, standards and regulations which are imposed by regulating authorities and associations, even then situations do arise which are difficult to premeditate. Hence every management team has to learn from its own experience. Every organization has to experiment with its resources and produce best results within its own policy framework. TTC Group has experience, resources and its founder Mr. Hamed El Chiaty has gone through many ups and downs in these 33 years since he formed his first company in Egypt . There are many areas in the day to day operations of a company where risks are faced by the management. Such risk factors may be of minimum intensity or may attain dangerous proportions in due course of time. It is not always possible for the management to foresee these situations, but if the management has a good, working risk management plan in place and it enforces strict rules, it is possible for the management to keep the scale of the risk at a minimum level. In our opinion that a well thought Risk Management Plan of a company with progressive thinking shall control ‘uncertainty’ and manage ‘opportunity’ more effectively. After carrying out extensive research, the author has inferred that if the resources of a company, such as Travco travel are managed effectively than an integrated implementation of its risk management plan can create far reaching, positive and long lasting results for its financial, human and social growth. Having an understanding of the business it is in is essential for the management and equally important is to understand its adversities, competition in the trade. It is essentially important that the management formulates a risk management plan after taking into account the environmental and social pattern of the country where it intends to expand its operations. Research on Travco Group has shown that the vision of its founder to search newer opportunities for expansion and diversification across Middle East and now in Asia has been acute, accurate and well calculated . Business Strategy The company has formulated a well-researched business strategy for its diversification, expansion and future growth. Under the guidance of its able, experienced and dynamic chairman, Mr. Hamed,El Chety the group has drawn plans to adopt the culture of ‘Corporate Governance’ for its present and future projects. This will make the group aware and responsible to its internal as well as external stakeholders. The group has acquired a broad and exhaustive policy of risk management plan for all its group companies, whether presently under its fold, whether required to be acquired, merged or floated as new ventures, with or without the participation of its other associates, provided these prove to be gainful for its stakeholders in the future. The group has established a strong base of cultural roots and is committed to its stakeholders with a deep sense of corporate responsibility and a commitment towards better customer relations. The group management has a progressive outlook and is always on the lookout for newer avenues of vertical growth, both inside and outside the group’s organizational framework. The management is firmly of the belief that investing in human power is equally important as investing in equipment for a sustained all round growth of the group companies . Business Mission Multi-dimensional growth, multi-service diversity and multi-cultural outlook are the factors which the management of the Travco Group are determined to pursue for all its group companies. The management has envisaged a vision for growth and is being governed by a risk management policy which is growth-oriented and makes the group dedicated towards a secure future. The Group and its associate entities, whether associated directly or indirectly with the group, have a clear mission to rise above their competitors; to take calculative financial risk and to remain prepared for all eventualities. 3. Risk management glossary and terms Risk Risk is defined as the chance of something happening which can have negative or positive impact on the organization. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Risk Assessment The identification, evaluation, and estimation of the level of risk and hazards or their up- gradation through a systematic and practical approach. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Risk Management The identification, analysis, assessment, manage, and avoidance, minimization the chance of negative events or maximized the chance of positive events. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Risk Management Framework A set of components that assist and continue RM through an organization. There are two types of components Foundation includes your RM objectives, policy, mandate, and loyalty. Organizational arrangements include relationships, plans, resources, accountability, activities and processes you used to manage your organizational risk. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Risk Management Policy A policy statement defines a general commitment and overall intentions and direction of the organization related to its risk management. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Risk Management Plan An organization’s RMP on how it intends to manage risk. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Risk Management Process A RM process is a systematic application of management policies, procedures and practices including activities of communicating, consulting, establishing the context, and identifying, analyzing, evaluating, treating, monitoring and reviewing risk. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Risk Criteria Term of reference which signifies the risk to be evaluated, these are used to determine whether a specified level of risk is acceptable or tolerable. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Risk Identification Process of finding, recognizing and describing the risk that could be affects the achievement of an organization’s objectives. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Hazard What ever source which could be of potential impairment Risk Owner- Entitiy or person who would taking accountability and authority to manage the risk. Risk Analysis Process that is used to be aware of the nature, source and causes of the risk that you have identified and to estimation the level of risk. (Risk Management Dictionary, 2010) Consequences Outcome of an event affecting objectives. (2009, risk management dictionary 2010) Likelihood Chance is that something might happening. (2009, risk management dictionary 2010) Probability- Chance of occurrence expresed as the a number between 0 and 1 where 0 is impossibility and 1 is absolute certainty. (business dictionary. com n. d. ) Risk matrix Table used in risk analysis in which row shows the risk and colums show their chance occureance and their impact. (business dictionary n. d. ) Level of risk magnitude of a risk, expressed in terms of the combination of consequence. ( 2009, risk management dictionary 2010) Risk Evaluation Process of compaaring the results of risk analysis with risk criteria to determine whether the risk or its mangnitude is acceptable or tolerable. ( 2009, risk management dictionary 2010) Risk Profile Written descrption of any set os risks. .( 2009, risk management dictionary 2010) Risk Attitude General organizational approch to assess and eventually pursue, retain, take or turn away from risk. Risk Aversion Investor attitude to turn away from risk. (Business Dictionary, n. d. ) Control is any measure or action that is modifying risk. Risk Avoidance- It’s techniques of RM to take steps to remove hazards and engage in alternative activity. (business dictionary n. d. ) Risk Sharing- RM is method in which the cost of consquences of a risk is syndication between several participant in an organization. (business dictionary n. d. ) Residual Risk- It’s the risk remaining after treatment, removed the souce of the hazard, transform the concequences, changed the probabilities, transferred the risk or maintain the risk. (2009, risk manageent dictionary 2010) Monitoring- Supervising Frequent checking, critically observing or determining the status in order to identify change from the performance level required or predictable. (2009, risk manageent dictionary 2010) Review- Activity undertaken to determine the adequacy, suitability and effectiveness of the subject matter to achieve established objectives. (2009, risk manageent dictionary 2010) Risk Reporting- Communication metohd to inform about the current state of risk and its management to internal and external stakholders. Risk Appetite- it’s the quantity to which the organization is ready to take the risk to achieve its business objectives. It is often said that more risk more gains. But the risk receiving of every organization differ depending upon its financial backup. Risk Tolerance- Organization’s or stakeholder’s readiness to bear the risk after risk treatment in order to achieve its objectives. Risk Treatment- The processes used by the organization to identify and treat the risks to bring the non-desired outcomes to the minimum in the chance of their occurring. This is basically done by following principal called ACAT (Avoid, Control, Accept, and Transfer) of the risks. (Business Dictionary, n. d. ) Risk Transfer- It’s defined as transferring a risk of negative impact to another organization that is willing to take on this risk with common understanding. (Business Dictionary, n. d. ) Stakeholders- A person or an organization that can affect or be affected by a decision or an action of the organization. AS/ANZ ISO 31000:2009 distinguishes between internal and external stakeholders. (Business Dictionary, n. d. ) 4. Objective of risk management Plan The group has a clear vision for its objectives and after having an established business network with a diversified outlook towards its policies, it has successfully accelerated its growth. This now naturally prompts the management to look at the next logical step of preserving all these aspects with a fully integrated risk management plan. Here, it is required from the management to initiate steps to control the inherent risks and it is advisable for the management that it follows the guidelines proposed in AS/ANZ ISO 31000:2009 (Risk Management-Principles and Guidelines) which should be implemented along with the strategic guidelines proposed in IEC/ISO 31010 (Risk Management-Risk Assessment Technique Standard) to identify such inherent risks. The Travco Group, having now attained a global exposure to business practices should now look into the methods of defining its objectives for a risk management plan on a global level. The main objective of plan is to identify mechanism of RMP, which will be implemented to manage and control the possible threat that may have negative effect on any of the business areas, increase the organizational performance, having strong presence in the market, strong relationship with partners, strong comparison team, timely feedback, observing competitors, having, quick decision making and positive action . These plan objectives are, identification, assessment, mitigation, contingency Planning, treatment and monitor and review Further risk which could be faced due to globalization of business nature it has made the group to face international competition and this exposes the group companies to threats and risks at a global level . In AS/ANZ ISO 31000:2009 (Risk Management-Principles and Guidelines), it can be perceived that the following are the areas of concern for the company which is now trying to establish itself on a broader platform and therefore must have clear objectives for its Pre- and Post-expansion plans. Risk Management Objectives to be observed by a Company Pre-Operative ObjectivesPost-Operative Objectives Economic FactorsOperational Continuity Social FactorsMaintaining Growth External ObligationsCustomer Responsibility Internal Conflicts of ViewsMarket Survival Tactics The risk threats for the Travco Group into three important areas which can be the cause of concern for it – (a) Financial Forces; (b) Political Forces; and (c) Market Forces and the purpose of this report is to highlight and discuss them on this platform . Risk Management Objectives to be observed by Travco Financial ForcesPolitical ForcesMarket Forces Economic FactorsSocial FactorsOperational Continuity Maintaining GrowthExternal ObligationsCustomer Responsibility Internal Conflicts of ViewsMarket Survival Tactics 4. 1Financial Forces Financial forces that are external in nature, always pose threats at the least expected time. The central control station of the Travco Group is located in Egypt and as it opens up new business locations which are far and further from its central control station, the chances of the company becoming target of external risks, because of circumstances beyond its control, becomes greater. Hence the management has to be extra cautious in financial matters and should exercise the option of more control through a robust Internal Audit Systems. It is advisable that the management adopts the policy of greater management and reporting transparency at all levels. It has been observed in financial matters and explained in the Risk Management-Risk Assessment Technique Standard of IEC/ISO 31010 that any change in policy or functional strategy can prove to be futile for the group. Hence the management has to take care that it makes its moves regarding financial, manpower and equipment after due diligence. A focused risk management plan is required at this stage which makes the optimal use of the company’s available resources and propagates further its social responsibility and corporate governance . 4. 2Political Forces It has been observed all over the world that a political change in government often leads to changes in the policies of the government. When a company, such as Travco is expanding into foreign lands its management should take extra care in dealing with the changes as the new policies are often pro-domestic and anti-foreign investment. The management of the Travco Group should keep in mind that recently even Egypt has undergone turmoil in its political circles and the Asian countries are prone to be affected by such changes. The management has also to keep a watch on the external affairs policies of the present government in its home country, as these would determine the future outcome of the group’s overseas ventures . 4. 3Market Forces It is evident that the Travco Group will have to face intense competition from the domestic sector of the country where it diversifies its business activities. This will be faced by the group even inside Egypt, where it is expanding its operations and adding new markets to its expanding. The group has to deal with such situations with utmost care and should endeavor to maintain flexible relations with its clients and associates at all levels 5. Creation of risk management Policy It is important that Travco Travel, its other associates and its parent group pursue policies according to the guidelines of AS/ANZ 31000:2009 for a competitive risk management plan, which it can make applicable to all its units across all sectors, whether domestic or foreign. This should be done by the management with a view to maintain linear growth of the group and to ensure that regulations are followed and group policies are not affected. 5. 1Role of the Board The Board of Directors of all companies of the group must take directions from the central governing body of the group, which functions under the guidance of Mr. Hamed el chiaty its founder and Chairman of Board. The central board should give out clear and bold decisions concerning financial control, marketing strategies and employee empowerment. 5. 2Role of the Risk Management Office As the Travco Group has started expanding its operations on international levels, it is very essential for it to set up a separate risk management and control office which should monitor, regulate and implement the group’s risk management plans across all the segments of the group. Such an office should have full backing of the central board of the group. It is advisable and also recommended by the Risk Management-Risk Assessment Techniques Standard policy of IEC/ISO 31010 that all the individual board members, who are fully conversant with their company’s internal and external risk threats and who have been designated with powers to control, are involved at the central board level in maintaining and correlating the various measures needed to ward-off internal and external risks. 5. 3Role of Internal Auditors This is a very essential and is a mandatory requirement as per the guidelines of the Risk Management-Principles and Guidelines of AS/ANZ ISO 31000:2009. The risk committee will on below. 5. 4Risk Committee CEO and Senior management In case where the risk leave is extreme, risk mitigation plan is required, risk is unacceptable, detailed research and management planning required at senior levels 5. 5Senior Management In case where the risk is high mitigation plan required, senior management attention needed, decision on acceptance of risk to be made by Process Owner and Process Manager 5.6 Middle line manager (supervisors) Management responsibility must be specified, decision on acceptance of risk to be made by Process Manager 5. 7Staff and Contractors Where the risk is low and acceptable which is monitored and managed by routine process 5. 8Policy Requirements How the policy is overviewed on quarterly basis if it needs to be changed, add new addendum to make sure it’s will upda ted with market place. Further how the policy is circulated with all staff within the organization 5. 9Review and approval Policy has to be approved by the risk committee 6. Interdependency of risk management with strategic planning Once the objectives have been set and policies have been formulated, the company should then concentrate on a ‘Strategic Plan’ so that the objectives and policies can be implemented effectively. At this stage, when it is in an expansion mode, it is essential and imperative for the group management to finalize its strategic plan so that it can consolidate its current resources and focus on future risk management. Under these circumstances, the decision making process of the group should have an inbuilt strong work culture which should form an integral part of the central management team. It has been observed that during such expansion phases, the management of individual companies has to take extra precaution, as far as the issues of internal and external risk threats are concerned. The Travco Group is a service oriented group and the management has to be alert about the ever changing trends in customer’s demands . Travco has to maintain a steady clientage, a loyal workforce and a trustworthy group of associates for future growth. Risk management is about – ? Maintaining Financial Strength; ?Maintaining Loyal Workforce; ?Maintaining Steady Clientage; ?Maintaining Supportive Associates. Strategic planning is also about the above mentioned factors and the Travco Group has to focus on the satisfaction of its clients by maintaining competitive prices and provide quality service. Easy communication facilities across the internet combined with new technologies not only benefits the Travco Group but also exposes it to the global competitors. Therefore it is essential that Financial gains, market control and risk management plans are controlled simultaneously for a sustained growth †¢Increase the number of clients from all the incoming outgoing sectors †¢Try to retain all upcoming markets share from new emerging markets †¢To maintain satisfaction and reliability image with partners and shareholders †¢To preserve the safety and security of gust assets and employees. †¢To expand the TUI / Travco group around the globe. 7. Relationship with Corporate Governance The management structure of the group has been built with a view to provide compliance with the Risk Aversion Policies of the group. The aim of such a governance structure is to control implementation of rules, effective implementation of the management’s decisions and to have quick and appropriate actions which ensure that the group progresses, attains its targets to fulfill the aspirations of stakeholders, employees and customers. The group should adopt such measures on a daily basis and managers at all levels should be involved to identify risk areas, establish management control procedures and implement the risk management plan. As shown below, accountability, authority, responsibility and skill management values should be maintained in the company hierarchy Responsibility The organization has to take full responsibility in case any of its employee’s action and stand by them. Ethical work atmosphere- lt should develop policies to differentiate all illegal and immoral practices within and outside the organization which comes under its scope of works.